Protective effect of mangrove (Rhizophora apiculata) leaves extract in shrimp (Penaeus monodon) larvae against bio-luminescent disease-causing Vibrio harveyi bacteria

  • Sudalayandi Kannappan Crustacean and Fish Culture Divisions, ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare), 75 Santhome High Road, Raja Annamalai Puram, Chennai, 600 028 Tamil Nadu
  • Krishnamoorthy Sivakumar ICAR–Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kattupakkam, 603 203 Tamil Nadu
  • Satyanarayan Sethi Crustacean and Fish Culture Divisions, ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare), 75 Santhome High Road, Raja Annamalai Puram, Chennai, 600 028 Tamil Nadu
Keywords: leaves extract of Rhizophora, antagonism, marine Vibrio, shrimp larviculture

Abstract

Application of chemicals for monitoring if Vibrio outbreaks can enhance resistance in mangrove (Rhizophora apiculata) leaves extract was tested against bioluminescence disease-causing Vibrio harveyi bacteria. An inhibitory zone of 12 mm was observed at 350 µg/mL The growth of V. harveyi was decreased from 0.783 to 0.533 (OD600) as compared to control (0.970 to 1.031 OD) against R. apiculata extract. The extract was treated against virulence produced by V. harveyi, the crude bacteriocin values decreased from 1.653 to 1.574 OD as compared with control. Further, extract 200 mg/mL was challenged against V. harveyi (10 mL at 1.8 OD600) during larviculture of Penaeus monodon for 30 days. The mortality increased from 9.0 to 68.5% in the control, but in the treatment the mortality varied from 0 to 57.8% till 30th day. The difference in the decrease of mortality in the treatments was 10.6%. V. harveyi count was decreased from 1.46 × 105 to 3 × 103 cfu/mL, respectively in the treatment for the 30th day as compared to control (1.33×105 to 9.2×103 cfu/mL). R. apiculata leaves extract was reported to have various functional groups of compounds as determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The GC-MS analysis revealed that the R. apiculata extract contains compounds such as 1, 2-diacetate, cyclododecane, 2-chloropropionic acid and squalene. These compounds might be responsible for the antagonism against V. harveyi. Hence, crude extracts of R. apiculata can be used as a non-antibiotic agent to control shrimp disease caused by V. harveyi during larviculture.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abidin NAZ, Halim NAH, Me R, 2013. Basic study of chemical constituents in Rhizophora species. The Open Conf Proc J 4 (Suppl 2, M7): 27-28.

Abraham TJ, Palaniappan R, 2004. Distribution of luminous bacteria in semi-intensive Penaeid shrimp hatcheries of Tamilnadu, India. Aquaculture 232: 81-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(03)00485-X

Ananda Raja R, Sridhar R, Balachandran C, Palanisammi A, Ramesh S, Nagarajan K, 2017a. Prevalence of Vibrio spp with special reference to V. parahaemolyticus in farmed penaeid shrimp P. vannamei from selected districts of Tamil Nadu, India. Ind J Fish 63 (3): 122-128.

Ananda Raja R, Sridhar R, Balachandran C, Palanisammi A, Ramesh S, Nagarajan K, 2017b. Pathogenicity profile of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in farmed Pacific white shrimp, P. vannamei. Fish Shellfish Immunol 67: 368-381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2017.06.020

Annapoorani A, Kalpana B, Musthafa KS, Pandian SK, Ravi AV, 2013. Antipathogenic potential of Rhizophora spp against the quorum sensing mediated virulence factors production in drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Phytomedicine 20: 956-963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2013.04.011

Baskaran R, Mohan PM, 2012. In vitro antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of Rhizophora mucronata against multi-drug resistant vibrio species isolated from marine waters Lobster's larvae hatcheries. Ind J Geo Mar Sci 41 (3): 218-222.

Biswas G, Ananda Raja R, De D, Sundaray JK, Ghoshal TK, Shyne Anand PS, Sujeet K, Panigrahi A, Thirunavukkarasu AR, Ponniah AG, 2012. Evaluation of production and economic returns of two brackishwater polyculture systems in tide-fed ponds. J Appl Ichthyol 28: 116-122. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01909.x

Das BK, Pradhan J, Pattnaik P, Samantaray BR, Samal SK, 2005. Production of antibacterials from the freshwater alga Euglena virdis (Ehren). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 21: 45-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-004-1555-3

Defoirdt T, Halet D, Vervaeren H, Boon N, Van de Wiele T, Sorgeloos P, Bossier P, Verstraete W, 2007. The bacterial storage compound poly-β-hydroxybutyrate protects Artemia ranciscana from pathogenic V. campbellii. Environ Microbiol 9: 445-452. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01161.x

Dhayanithi NB, Ajithkumar TT, Arockiaraj J, Balasundaram C, Ramasamy H, 2015. Immune protection by Rhizophora apiculata in clownfish against Vibrio alginolyticus. Aquaculture 446: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.04.013

D'Souza L, Devi P, Shridhar DM, Naik CG, 2008. Use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to study cadmium-induced changes in Padina tetrastromatica (Hauck). Anal Chem Insights 3: 135-143. https://doi.org/10.4137/117739010800300001

Gao M, Xiao H, 2012. Activity-guided isolation of antioxidant compounds from Rhizophora apiculata. Molecules 17: 10675-10682. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules170910675

Gurudeeban S, Ramanathan T, Satyavani K, 2013. Antimicrobial and radical scavenging effect of alkaloid elutes from Rhizophora mucronata. Pharm Chem J 47: 50-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11094-013-0895-4

Halim NHA, Abidin NAZ, Me R, 2013. A study of chemical compounds in Rhizophora apiculata. The Open Conf Proc J 4: 108-110. https://doi.org/10.2174/2210289201304020108

Harris L, Owens L, Smith S, 1996. A selective and differential medium for V. harveyi. Appl Environ Microbiol 62: 3548-3550.

Hong LS, Ibrahim D, Kasim J, 2011. Assessment of in vivo and in vitro cytotoxic activity of hydrolyzable tannin extracted from Rhizophora apiculata barks. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 27 (11): 2737-2740. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0727-1

Islam MA, Alam MM, Choudhury ME, Kobayashi N, Ahmed MU, 2008. Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration of cloxacillin for selected isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with their antibiogram. Bangl J Vet Med 6 (1): 121-126.

Joel EL, Bhimba V, 2010. Isolation and characterization of secondary metabolites from the mangrove plant Rhizophora mucronata. Asian Pac J Trop Med 3 (8): 602-604. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(10)60146-0

Kannappan S, Sivakumar K, Patil PK, 2013. Effect of garlic extract on the luciferase, bio-luminescence, virulence factors produced by Vibrio harveyi with a challenge during Penaeus monodon larviculture. Afr J Microbiol Res 7 (18): 1766-1779. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR12.950

Lim SH, Darah I, Jain K, 2006. Antimicrobial activities of tannins extracted from R. apiculata barks. J Trop Forest Sci 18 (1): 59-65.

Manilal A, Sujith S, Selvin J, Shakir C, Gandhimathi R, Seghal Kiran G, 2010. Virulence of Vibrios isolated from diseased black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon, Fabricius. J World Aquacul Soc 413: 332-343. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2010.00375.x

Musharraf SG, Ahmed MA, Zehra N, Kabir N, Choudhary MI, Rahman AU, 2012. Bio-diesel production from micro algal isolates of southern Pakistan and quantification of FAME's by GC-MS/MS analysis. Chem Cent J 6 (1): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-6-149

Musthafa KS, Sahu SK, Ravi AV, Kathiresan K, 2013. Anti-quorum sensing potential of the mangrove Rhizophora annamalayana. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 29 (10): 1851-1858. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-013-1347-8

Nga BT, Roijackers R, Nghia TT, Ut UN, Scheffe M, 2006. Effects of decomposing R. apiculata leaves on larvae of the shrimp Penaeus monodon. Aquacult Int 14: 467-477. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-006-9049-y

Oo CW, Kassima MJ, Pizzi A, 2009. Characterization and performance of R. apiculata mangrove polyflavonoid tannins in the adsorption of copper (II) and lead (II). Indust Crop Prod 30: 152-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.03.002

Ramesh K, Natarajan M, Sridhar H, Uma Vanitha M, Umamaheswari S, 2014. Anti-Vibrio activity of mangrove and mangrove associates on shrimp pathogen, V. harveyi VSH5. Global Veterinaria 12 (2): 270-276.

Ravikumar S, Gnanadesigan M, Suganthi P, Ramalakshmi A, 2010. Antibacterial potential of chosen mangrove plants against isolated urinary tract infectious bacterial pathogens. Int J Med Medic Sci 2 (3): 94-99.

Satyavani K, Gurudeeban S, Manigandan V, Rajamanickam E, Ramanathan T, 2015. Chemical compositions of medicinal mangrove species Acanthus ilicofolius, Excoecaria agallocha, Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata. Curr Res Chem 7 (1): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3923/crc.2015.1.8

Selvaraj G, Kaliamurthi S, Thirugnanasambandam R, 2014. Molecular docking studies on potential PPAR-γ agonist from R. apiculata. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 9: 298-302. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v9i3.18915

Shamsuddin AA, Najiah M, Suvik A, Azariyah MN, Kamaruzzaman BY, Effendy AW, Akbar JB, 2013. Antibacterial properties of selected mangrove plants against Vibrio species and its cytotoxicity against Artemia salina. World Appl Sci J 25 (2): 333-340. https://doi:org/10.5829/idosi.wasj. 2013.25.02.688

Sivakumar K, Kannappan S, 2013. Inhibitory effect of marine algae collected from the East and West coast of India against luciferase and luminescence producing Vibrio harveyi. Afr J Biotechl 12 (22): 3493-3502.

Sivakumar K, Kannappan S, Dineshkumar M, Patil PK, 2014. Evaluation of marine macro alga, Ulva fasciata against bio-luminescent causing V. harveyi during Penaeus monodon larviculture. Afr J Microbiol Res 8 (8): 803-813. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR2013.6233

Soto-Rodriguez SA, Gomez-Gil B, Lozano R, del Rio-Rodriguez R, Dieguez AL, Romalde JL, 2012. Virulence of V. harveyi responsible for the "Bright-red" syndrome in the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. J Invert Pathol 109 (3): 307-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2012.01.006

Suryati E, Hala Y, 2002. Bioactive substances of mangrove Excoecaria agallocha, Hexogonia acaloza as shrimp diseases inhibitor. Marin Chim Acta 21: 9-14.

Traifalgar RF, Serrano AE, Corre V, Kira H, Tung HT, Fady RM, Kader Md A, Laining A, Yokoyama S, Ishikawa M, Koshio S, 2009. Evaluation of dietary fucoidan supplementation effects on growth performance and Vibriosis resistance of Penaeus monodon postlarvae. Aquacult Sci 57: 167-174.

Vaseeharan B, Prasad GS, Ramasamy P, Brennan G, 2010. Antibacterial activity of Allium sativum against multidrug-resistant V. harveyi isolated from black gill diseased Fenneropenaeus indicus. Aquacult Int 19 (3): 531-539. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-010-9369-9

Vinod Prabhu V, Guruvayoorappan C, 2012. Evaluation of immunostimulant activity and chemoprotective effect of mangrove Rhizophora apiculata against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in BALB/c mice. Immunopharm Immunotoxicol 34 (4): 608-615. https://doi.org/10.3109/08923973.2011.642883

Published
2018-04-26
How to Cite
Kannappan, S., Sivakumar, K., & Sethi, S. (2018). Protective effect of mangrove (Rhizophora apiculata) leaves extract in shrimp (Penaeus monodon) larvae against bio-luminescent disease-causing Vibrio harveyi bacteria. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 16(1), e0501. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2018161-11675
Section
Animal health and welfare