Repeated biodisinfection controls the incidence of Phytophthora root and crown rot of pepper while improving soil quality

  • M. Nuñez-Zofío Department of Plant Production and Protection, NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio
  • S. Larregla del Palacio Department of Plant Production and Protection, NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio
  • C. Garbisu Soil Microbial Ecology Group, NEIKER-Tecnalia, Derio
Keywords: biofumigation, organic amendment, soil microbial properties, soilborne plant pathogens, solarization, suppressiveness

Abstract

Phytophthora root and crown rot is a plant disease responsible for important economic losses in protected pepper crops. A greenhouse experiment was carried out in a temperate climate region (northern Spain) to assess the effects of repeated biodisinfection after three consecutive crop seasons with different organic amendments (a non-composted mixture of sheep manure and chicken litter, a semicomposted mixture of horse manure and chicken litter, Brassica carinata dehydrated pellets plus Sinapis alba fresh green manure) on disease incidence, crop yield and soil quality. Biodisinfection treatments were found to improve soil water properties through reduction in soil bulk density and increased water infiltration. Biodisinfested soils showed higher values of physicochemical and microbial properties than control (untreated) and plastic-mulched soils. In plots treated with the non-composted or semicomposted mixture, the observed higher levels of microbial activity were strongly related with an increase in soil microbial biomass. Brassica-Sinapis treatment had a weaker effect on soil properties than animal manure-based treatments. However, highest counts of total bacteria, actinomycetes and Pseudomonas spp. were found in Brassica-Sinapis-treated soils. It was concluded that repeated biodisinfection for the control of Phytophthora root and crown rot in protected pepper crops located in temperate climate regions can improve soil quality and suppressiveness, as well as allow for a reduction in the dose of organic amendment needed for biodisinfection. Among the studied organic amendments, the semicomposted amendment was the best option in terms of reduction in disease incidence.

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Author Biographies

M. Nuñez-Zofío, Department of Plant Production and Protection, NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio

Departamento de Producción y Protección Vegetal

Becario predoctoral INIA

 

S. Larregla del Palacio, Department of Plant Production and Protection, NEIKER-Tecnalia, Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio

Departamento de Producción y Protección Vegetal

Investigador Asociado

 

C. Garbisu, Soil Microbial Ecology Group, NEIKER-Tecnalia, Derio

Soil Microbial Ecology Group

Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales

Director Científico de la Unidad de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales

 

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Published
2012-06-27
How to Cite
Nuñez-Zofío, M., Larregla del Palacio, S., & Garbisu, C. (2012). Repeated biodisinfection controls the incidence of Phytophthora root and crown rot of pepper while improving soil quality. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(3), 794-805. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2012103-571-11
Section
Plant protection