The effect of crop sequences on soil microbial, chemical and physical indicators and its relationship with soybean sudden death syndrome (complex of Fusarium species)

  • Carolina Perez-Brandan INTA EEA Salta, Ruta Nacional 68 km. 172 C.P. 4403 Cerrillos, Salta
  • Jose Luis Arzeno INTA EEA Salta, Ruta Nacional 68 km. 172 C.P. 4403 Cerrillos, Salta
  • Jorgelina Huidobro INTA EEA Salta, Ruta Nacional 68 km. 172 C.P. 4403 Cerrillos, Salta
  • Cinthia Conforto Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE - ex IFFIVE, CIAP–INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, C.P. 5119, Córdoba
  • Betiana Grumberg Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE - ex IFFIVE, CIAP–INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, C.P. 5119, Córdoba
  • Sally Hilton School of Life Sciences, Wellesbourne Campus, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF
  • Gary D. Bending School of Life Sciences, Wellesbourne Campus, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, Warwick CV35 9EF
  • Jose Manuel Meriles Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV, CONICET–UNC), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (F.C.E.Fy Nat–UNC), Córdoba
  • Silvina Vargas-Gil Instituto de Patología Vegetal (IPAVE - ex IFFIVE, CIAP–INTA), Camino 60 Cuadras Km 5,5, C.P. 5119, Córdoba
Keywords: soil microbial populations, T-RFLP, FAME, chemical parameters, physical variables, soybean sudden death syndrome

Abstract

The effect of crop sequences on soil quality indicators and its relationship with sudden death syndrome (SDS, a complex of Fusarium species) was evaluated by physical, chemical, biochemical and molecular techniques. Regarding physical aspects, soybean/maize and maize monoculture exhibited the highest stable aggregate level, with values 41% and 43% higher than in soybean monoculture, respectively, and 133% higher than in bean monoculture. Bulk density (BD) was higher in soybean monoculture, being 4% higher than in bean monoculture. The chemical parameters organic matter, total N, P, K, Mg, Ca, and water holding capacity also indicated that soybean/maize and maize monoculture improved soil quality. Fungal and bacterial community fingerprints generated using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis of intergenic transcribed spacer regions of rRNA genes and 16S rRNA genes, respectively, indicated a clear separation between the rotations. Fatty acid profiles evaluated by FAME showed that bean monoculture had higher biomass of Gram (+) bacteria and stress indicators than maize monoculture, while the soybean/maize system showed a significant increase in total microbial biomass (total FAMEs content) in comparison with soybean and bean monoculture. The incidence of SDS (Fusarium crassistipitatum) was markedly higher (15%) under soybean monoculture than when soybean was grown in rotation with maize. In the present work, soil microbial properties were improved under soybean/maize relative to continuous soybean. The improvement of soil health was one of the main causes for the reduction of disease pressure and crop yield improvement due to the benefits that crop rotation produces for soil quality.

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Published
2013-12-09
How to Cite
Perez-Brandan, C., Arzeno, J. L., Huidobro, J., Conforto, C., Grumberg, B., Hilton, S., Bending, G. D., Meriles, J. M., & Vargas-Gil, S. (2013). The effect of crop sequences on soil microbial, chemical and physical indicators and its relationship with soybean sudden death syndrome (complex of Fusarium species). Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 12(1), 252-264. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2014121-4654
Section
Soil science