Mechanical weed control on small-size dry bean and its response to cross-flaming

  • Luisa Martelloni University of Pisa. Centro di Ricerche Agro-Ambientali “Enrico Avanzi” (CiRAA). Via Vecchia di Marina, 6. 56122 San Piero a Grado (Pisa)
  • Christian Frasconi University of Pisa. Dept. of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE). Via del Borghetto, 80. 56124 Pisa
  • Marco Fontanelli University of Pisa. Dept. of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE). Via del Borghetto, 80. 56124 Pisa
  • Michele Raffaelli University of Pisa. Dept. of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE). Via del Borghetto, 80. 56124 Pisa
  • Andrea Peruzzi University of Pisa. Dept. of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE). Via del Borghetto, 80. 56124 Pisa
Keywords: agricultural engineering, cultivation, flamer, low-competitive crop, organic farming, Phaseolus vulgaris L., physical management

Abstract

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) can be a profitable crop for farmers; however controlling weeds effectively without a decrease in yield remains a problem. An example where mechanical weed control is difficult to conduct is dry bean ‘Toscanello’, which is a small sized high-income niche product growing low to the ground. Concerning intra-row weed control, also flame weeding could be an opportunity but the dry bean heat tolerance needs to be studied. The aims of this research were to study the weed control efficacy of a spring-tine harrow and an inter-row cultivator in this bean variety, and to test the tolerance of dry bean cultivated under weed-free conditions to cross-flaming applied with different liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) doses. Flame weeding was applied at BBCH 13 and BBCH 14 bean growth stages by pairs of burners producing direct double flame acting into the intra-row space, with bean plants placed in the middle. The results suggest that the spring-tine harrow used two times at BBCH 13 and 14, respectively, lead to a yield similar to that of the weedy control. The inter-row cultivator could be an opportunity for small-sized dry bean crops producers, enabling them to obtain a similar yield compared to the hand-weeded control. Concerning the bean tolerance to cross-flaming the results showed that bean flamed at BBCH 13 stage had little tolerance to cross-flaming. Bean flamed at BBCH 14 stage was tolerant until an LPG dose of 39 kg/ha, giving yield responses similar to those observed in the non-flamed control.

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Published
2016-03-02
How to Cite
Martelloni, L., Frasconi, C., Fontanelli, M., Raffaelli, M., & Peruzzi, A. (2016). Mechanical weed control on small-size dry bean and its response to cross-flaming. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 14(1), e0203. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2016141-7976
Section
Agricultural engineering