Antifungal effects of phenolic extract from industrial residues of Aloe vera
Abstract
This research is concerned with the fungicidal properties of the phenolic extract from industrial residues of Aloe vera used for antifungal treatment of various plant pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium aleophilum, and Sporisorium scitamineum). Six phenolic compounds were identified in this extract from A. vera cortex: aloesin, α-barbaloin, chromone X, isoaloeresin D, β- barbaloin and aloeresin E. Phenolic extract was added to PDA medium at 20 concentrations from 0.32% to 10% and the growth of four different plant pathogenic fungi was tested. Fungal inhibition was calculated in order to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of phenolic extract against pathogens. Inhibition of Sporisorium scitamineum hyphal growth was observed after treatment with the phenolic extract at concentrations higher than 2.5% and a fungistatic effect with a 58.2% mycelia growth inhibition was detected at 3% extract concentration. Inhibition of P. chlamydospora and P. aleophilum hyphal growth was observed at concentrations higher than 4% and 3% respectively. A fungistatic effect with a 71.65% and a 19.87% mycelia growth inhibition was detected at 4.5% and 3.5% extract concentration respectively. About F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, inhibition of hyphal growth was observed at concentrations higher than 2.5% and a fungistatic effect with a 32.07% mycelia growth inhibition was detected at 3% extract concentration. The results indicate that the tested extract possess antifungal activities against these pathogens at various concentration levels and could be used as a potential natural fungicide in order to control fungi pathogens providing a new use for the A. vera industrial residues.Downloads
References
Agarwal DK, Sarboy AK, 1978. Physiological studies on four species of Fusarium pathogenic to soyabean. Ind Phytopathol 31 (1): 24-31.
Agrelli D, Amalfitano C, Conte P, Mugnai L, 2009. Chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of the wood of Vitis vinifera cv. Sangiovese affected by esca disease. J Agr Food Chem 57 (24): 11469-11475. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf903561x
Aguilar CN, Rodríguez R, Gutierrez-Sanchez G, Augur C, Favela-Torres E, Prado Barragán LA, Ramírez-Coronel A, Contreras-Esquivel JC, 2007. Microbial tannases: Advances and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 76: 47-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-007-1000-2
Amalfitano C, Evidente A, Surico G, Tegli S, Bertelli E, Mugnai L, 2000. Phenols and stilbene polyphenols in the wood of esca-diseased grapevines. Phytopathol Mediterr 39 (1): 178-183.
Benhamou N, Gagne S, Quere DL, Dehbi L, 2000. Bacterial mediated induced resistance in cucumber: Beneficial effect of the endophytic bacterium Serratia plymuthica on the protection against infection by Pythium ultimum. Phytopathology 90: 45-56. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.1.45
Capasso F, Borrelli F, Capasso R, Di Carlo G, Izzo AA, Pinto L, Mascolo N, Castaldo S, Longo R, 1998. Aloe and its therapeutic use. Phytother Res 12: S48-S52. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(1998)12:1+<S124::AID-PTR271>3.0.CO;2-X
Castillo F, Hernández D, Gallegos G, Rodríguez R, Aguilar CN, 2012. Antifungal properties of bioactive compounds from plants. In: Fungicides for plant and animal diseases; Dhanaseckaran D, Thajuddin N, Panneerselvam A (eds), pp: 82-106. InTech, Rijeka. https://doi.org/10.5772/26598
Cerqueira MD, Barcellos H, Machado P, Aires J, Dummer D, 2016. Antifungal activity of plant extracts with potential to control plant pathogens in pineapple. Asian Pacific J Trop Biomed 6 (1): 26-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2015.09.026
Cristani M, d'Arrigo M, Mandalari G, Castelli F, Sarpietro M G, Micieli D, Venuti V, Bisignano G, Saija A, Trombetta, D, 2007. Interaction of four monoterpenes contained in essential oils with model membranes: Implications for their antibacterial activity. J Agr Food Chem 55 (15): 6300-6308. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf070094x
Debnath T, Ghosh M, Lee YM, Nath NCD, Lee KG, Lim BO, 2018. Identification of phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity of Aloe barbadensis flower extracts. Food Agr Immunol 29 (1): 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2017.1358254
De Corato U, Violab E, Arcierib G, Valeriob V, Zimbardica F, 2016. Use of composted agro-energy co-products and agricultural residues against soil-borne pathogens in horticultural soil-less systems. Sci Hort 210: 166-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.07.027
Dubey PK, 2015. Isolation and studies on chemotherapeutic potential of aloin. Int J Green Pharm 9 (1): 45-49. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-8258.150923
Esteban-Carrasco A, López-Serrano M, Zapata JM, Sabater B, Martín M, 2001. Oxidation of phenolic compounds from Aloe barbadensis by peroxidase activity: Possible involvement in defence reactions. Plant Physiol Biochem 39 (6): 521-527. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0981-9428(01)01270-0
Fanali S, Aturki Z, D'Orazio G, Rocco A, Ferranti A, Mercolini L, Raggi MA, 2010. Analysis of Aloe-based phytotherapeutic products by using nano-LC-MS. J Sep Sci 33: 2663-2670. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201000408
Flores-López ML, Romaní A, Cerqueira MA, Rodríguez-García R, de Rodríguez DJ, Vicente AA, 2016. Compositional features and bioactive properties of whole fraction from Aloe vera processing. Ind Crop Prod 91: 179-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.07.011
Gupta VK, Misra AK, Gaur RK, 2010. Growth characteristics of Fusarium spp. causing wilt disease in Psidium guajava L. in India. J Plant Prot Res 50 (4): 452-462. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10045-010-0076-3
Haynes LJ, Holdsworth DK, Russell R, 1970. C-Glycosyl compounds. Part VI. Aloesin, a C-glucosylchromone from Aloe sp. J Chem Soc C Org 18: 2581-2586. https://doi.org/10.1039/j39700002581
Jasso de Rodríguez D, Hernández-Castillo D, Rodríguez-Gracia R, Angulo-Sánchez JL, 2005. Antifungal activity in vitro of Aloe vera pulp and liquid fraction against plant pathogenic fungi. Ind Crop Prod 21 (1): 81-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.01.002
Lima MRM, Felgueiras ML, Graça G, Rodrigues JEA, Barros A, Gil AM, Dias ACP, 2010. NMR metabolomics of esca disease-affected Vitis vinifera cv. Alvarinho leaves. J Exp Bot 61 (14): 4033-4042. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq214
López A, de Tangil MS, Vega-Orellana O, Ramírez AS, Rico M, 2013. Phenolic constituents, antioxidant and preliminary antimycoplasmic activities of leaf skin and flowers of Aloe vera (L.) Burm f. (syn. A. barbadensis Mill.) from the Canary Islands (Spain). Molecules 18 (5): 4942-4954. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules18054942
Maharshi A, Thaker VS, 2012. Growth and development of plant pathogenic fungi in define media. Eur J Exp Biol 2 (1): 44-54.
Mahlo SM, Eloff, JN, McGaw LJ, 2010. Antifungal activity of leaf extracts from South African trees against plant pathogens. Crop Prot 29: 1529-1533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2010.08.015
Meckes M, Rivera AD, Nava V, Jimenez A, 2004. Activity of some Mexican medicinal plant extracts on carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. Phytomedicine 11 (5): 446-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2003.06.002
Nebedum J, Ajeigbe K, Nwobodo E, Uba C, Adesanya O, Fadare O, Ofusori D, 2009. Comparative study of the ethanolic extracts of four Nigerian plants against some pathogenic microorganisms. Res J Med Plant 3 (1): 23-28. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjmp.2009.23.28
Nidiry ESJ, Ganeshan G, Lokesha AN, 2011. Antifungal activity of some extractives and constituents of Aloe vera. Res J Med Plant 5 (2): 196-200. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjmp.2011.196.200
Ojha S, Chatterjee N, 2012. Induction of resistance in tomato plants against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici mediated through salicylic acid and Trichoderma harzianum. J Plant Prot Res 52 (2): 220-225. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10045-012-0034-3
Osorio E, Flores M, Hernández D, Ventura J, Rodríguez R, Aguilar CN, 2010. Biological efficiency of polyphenolic extracts from pecan nuts shell (Carya Illinoensis), pomegranate husk (Punica granatum) and creosote bush leaves (Larrea tridentata Cov.) against plant pathogenic fungi. Ind Crops Prod 31: 153-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.09.017
Patzke H, Zimdars S, Schulze-Kaysers N, Schieber A, 2017. Growth suppression of Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium poae and Fusarium graminearum by 5-n alk(en)ylresorcinols from wheat and rye bran. Food Res Int 99: 821-827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.05.022
Patzke H, Schieber A, 2018. Growth-inhibitory activity of phenolic compounds applied in an emulsifiable concentrate - ferulic acid as a natural pesticide against Botrytis cinerea. Food Res Int 113: 18-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.062
Pradeep T, Jambhale ND, 2002. Relationship between phenolics, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, and resistance to powdery mildew in Zizyphus. Ind Phytopathol 55 (2): 195-196.
Prakash O, Kumar R, Parkash V, 2008. Synthesis and antifungal activity of some new 3-hydroxy-2-(1-phenyl-3-aryl-4-pyrazolyl) chromones. Eur J Med Chem 43 (2): 435-440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2007.04.004
Romanazzi G, Lichter A, Gabler FM, Smilanick JL, 2012. Recent advances on the use of natural and safe alternatives to conventional methods to control postharvest gray mold of table grapes. Postharvest Biol Tech 63 (1): 141-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.06.013
Saccu D, Bogoni P, Procida G, 2001. Aloe exudate: characterization by reversed phase HPLC and headspace GC-MS. J Agric Food Chem 49 (10): 4526-4530. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf010179c
Santiago R, de Armas R, Blanch M, Vicente C, Legaz ME, 2010. In vitro effects of caffeic acid upon growth of the fungi Sporisorium scitamineum. J Plant Interact 5 (3): 233-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/17429141003663860
Sierotzki H, Ulrich G, 2003. Molecular diagnostics for fungicide resistance in plant pathogens. In: Chemistry of crop protection: Progress and prospects in science and regulation; Voss G & Ramos G (eds.), pp: 71-88, Wiley, Weinheim, Germany.
Subramanian S, Sathish Kumar D, Arulselvan P, Senthilkumar GP, 2006. In vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of ethanolic extract of Aloe vera leaf gel. J Plant Sci 1 (4): 348-355. https://doi.org/10.3923/jps.2006.348.355
Sukand G, Kulkarni S, 2006. Studies on structural and biochemical mechanism of resistance in groundnut to Puccinia arachidis. Ind Phytopathol 59 (3): 323-328.
Tyler V, 1994. Herbs of choice. In: The therapeutic use of phyto medicine, pp: 131-135. Binghamton Pharmaceutical Products Press, NY.
Valtaud C, Larignon P, Roblin G, Fleurat-Lessard P, 2009. Developmental and ultrastructural features of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and Phaeoacremonium aleophilum in relation to xylem degradation in esca disease of the grapevine. J. Plant Pathol 91 (1): 37-51.
Veldhuizen EJ, Tjeerdsma-van Bokhoven JL, Zweijtzer C, Burt SA, Haagsman HP, 2006. Structural requirements for the antimicrobial activity of carvacrol. J Agr Food Chem 54: 1874-1879. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf052564y
Viuda-Martos M, Ruiz-Navajas Y, Fernández-López J, Pérez-Álvarez J, 2008. Antifungal activity of lemon (Citrus lemon L.), mandarin (Citrus reticulata L.), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi L.) and orange (Citrus sinensis L.) essential oils. Food Control 19: 1130-1138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.12.003
Zapata PJ, Navarro D, Guillén F, Castillo S, Martínez-Romero D, Valero D, Serrano M, 2013. Characterisation of gels from different Aloe spp. as antifungal treatment: Potential crops for industrial applications. Ind Crop Prod 42: 223-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.06.002
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the printed and online versions of this Journal are the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.
All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a “Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International” (CC BY 4.0) License. You may read here the basic information and the legal text of the license. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 License must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the published by the Editor, is not allowed.
